Discussion Paper
Apr 30, 2025
6
Minutes read

Why Night Markets Matter?: A Review of Literature

Author
Nur Sofea Hasmira Azahar
Research Associate
Nur Sofea Hasmira Azahar
Research Associate
Co - Author
Dr Mohd Amirul Rafiq Abu Rahim
Dr Mohd Amirul Rafiq Abu Rahim
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Key Takeaway
Data Overview
Night markets form a distinct and integral component of Malaysia’s hawking culture. Beyond providing economic opportunities, they embody cultural heritage, foster social interactions, and represent an evolving business model that adapts to changing urban settings. Although existing literature offers various insights into night markets, much remains conceptual and lacks empirical validation.

As a precursor to the upcoming NEXUS survey, which aims to build a comprehensive understanding of night markets as dynamic economic, social, and cultural spaces in Malaysia’s
context—this paper lays the groundwork for fieldwork by addressing three key objectives: (i) to examine the night market landscape;(ii) to better understand the night market sector through its definitions, classifications, evolution, contributions alongside its challenges; and (iii) to assess the wider implications of the study.
why-night-markets-matter-a-review-of-literature
Discussion Paper
A peer-reviewed paper to encourage further discussion on a topic.

“Beyond stalls and street food, night markets are thebeating heart of our urban life”

This discussion paper explores Malaysia’s night markets (pasar malam) as dynamic spaces that blend economic activity, cultural vibrancy and community life. It examines the sector’s definitions, evolution, contributions and emerging challenges.

Night markets, have historically served as an important income sources for low-skilled and vulnerable groups, especially during economic downturns. Today, they account for the largest share of informal businesses in Kuala Lumpur, supported by low barriers to entry and various government initiatives.

The review highlights key policy concerns based on review of the literature – including licensing frameworks, food safety practices, waste management and spatial planning, while noting emerging opportunities through digitalisation and tourism promotion.

The findings from this paper lay the groundwork for KRI’s upcoming NEXUS survey, which will gather empirical insights to better position night markets as resilient pillars of Malaysia’s urban and economic development.

Read the full report to understand why night markets matter in our context.

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